LEG TRAP – UNIT 4
Manorama Jafa
1. Dhira was a shoeshine boy. He lost his father when he was very young and lived with his mother and sister. He was a hard-working boy. After school, he would sit near a cinema hall and polish shoes for a living.
2. One day it was very hot. Dhira sat under a tree counting his day’s earnings and humming a popular tune when he overheard a passerby say, “A thief has just robbed and escaped from the jewellery shop.” Dhira stopped counting He quickly put his money back in his pocket and asked the passerby, “When? Where?’’ “Just now. He stole a gold necklace and managed to run away. They say he has a beard”. So saying the passer-by went on his way.
3. Dhira was about to go towards the jewellery shop to find out more details when a customer came to him. ‘‘Boy, polish my shoes nicely. There’s no hurry,” he said, looking at his wristwatch. The customer was wearing a pink shirt and a red tie. He looked like a rich man.
temper – anger, ಕೋಪ
glance – a quick look, ಕಣ್ಣು ಹಾಯಿಸು, ದೃಷ್ಟಿಹಾಯಿಸು
hum – sing with closed lips, ಗುನುಗು, ಗುಂಯ್ ಗುಡು
theft – stealing, ಕಳ್ಳತನ
4. Dhira sat down immediately to polish his shoes, though his mind was still on the theft. The man first put his left foot on the stand. With his yellow cloth, Dhira dusted the shoe quickly. Then he opened a tin, took out some polish and smeared it on the shoe with his brush and started shining the shoe.
5. Through the corner of his eye, Dhira saw two policemen approaching. He was eager to ask them about the theft, but the customer seemed to have lost his temper. “You, silly boy! You’re not doing your job well,” he cried glancing quickly at the policemen. “Polish my shoes, till they shine. There are still five more minutes for the show to be over.”
6. Dhira was disturbed. ‘‘He must be an influential man. He may even complain about me to the policemen’’, he thought. So he concentrated his attention on polishing the shoe. As soon as he was done with the left shoe, Dhira said, “The other shoe, sir.” The man put his other foot on the stand, “Hurry up, fellow; there are only two more minutes for the show to begin.”
concentrate – to give all your attention to something, ಗಮನ, ಏಕಾಗ್ರತೆ
7. ‘‘Funny!’’ Dhira said to himself. ‘‘A moment ago he was in no hurry, but now he is in a great hurry.’’ Dhira dusted the shoe quickly and applied some polish to it. As he was about to shine it with the cloth, he found something sticking out of it at the back.
‘‘What can it be?’’ Dhira wondered. He bent his head to take a closer look. ‘‘My goodness!’’
fumble : search about awkwardly, ಅಸ್ತವ್ಯಸ್ಥವಾಗಿ ಹುಡುಕುವುದು
yell : shout, cry shrilly, ಗಟ್ಟಿಯಾಗಿ ಕೂಗು
wallet : a small folding case for carrying money and credit cards, ಜೇಬಿನಲ್ಲಿಡಬಹುದಾದ ಪರ್ಸ್
8. “That’ll do boy. It’s time,” the man said, taking his foot off the stand. Dhira continued to shine the shoe with the cloth, while the man fumbled in his wallet for change.
9. The boy quickly tied the ends of the laces of the two shoes and got up without taking the coin the man held out and rushed to the policemen. He could hear the man yelling, “Hey, I’ll get you! But what’s happening?”
10. The man fell flat on his face when he tried to walk. While he was struggling to get up, Dhira was back with the two policemen. They caught hold of him.
11. Yes, he was the jewel thief!
12. The gold necklace was found in his shoe and his ‘beard’ in his pocket. He was taken to the police station.
13. Of course, Dhira was praised for his presence of mind. He was also rewarded by the police and by the jeweller. His school, too, honoured him with a medal for his bravery.
ಸಂವೇದ ವಿಡಿಯೋ ಪಾಠಗಳು
ಪ್ರಶ್ನೋತ್ತರಗಳು
Grammar – Past Tense
Present tense form | Past tense | Past participle |
Strong/Irregular verbs | ||
be (is/am/are) | was/were | been |
bear (bring out) | bore | born |
bear (to carry) | bore | borne |
beat | beat | beaten |
beat | beat | beaten |
become | became | become |
begin | began | begun |
bend | bent | bent |
bite | bit | bit/bitten |
blow | blew | blown |
break | broke | broken |
bring | brought | brought |
build | built | built |
burn | burnt | burnt |
buy | bought | bought |
catch | caught | caught |
choose | chose | chosen |
come | came | come |
dig | dug | dug |
do | did | done |
draw | drew | drawn |
dream | dreamt | dreamt |
drink | drunk | drunk/drunken |
drive | drove | driven |
eat | ate | eaten |
fall | fell | fallen |
feel | felt | felt |
fight | fought | fought |
find | found | found |
fly | flew | flown |
forget | forgot | forgotten |
freeze | froze | frozen |
get | got | got/gotten |
give | gave | given |
go | went | gone |
grind | ground | ground |
grow | grew | grown |
hang | hung | hung |
hide | hid | hid/hidden |
hold | held | held |
keep | kept | kept |
know | knew | known |
lay | laid | laid |
lead | led | led |
learn | learnt/learned | learnt/learned |
leave | left | left |
lie | lay | lain |
lose | lost | lost |
make | made | made |
mean | meant | meant |
pay | paid | paid |
ride | rode | ridden |
ring | rang | rung |
rise | rose | risen |
say | said | said |
see | saw | seen |
sell | sold | sold |
send | sent | sent |
shake | shook | shaken |
shine | shone | shone |
shoot | shot | shot |
show | showed | shown / showed |
sing | sang | sung |
sink | sank | sunk |
sit | sat | sat |
sleep | slept | slept |
speak | spoke | spoken |
spell | spelt / spelled | spelt / spelled |
spill | spilt / spelled | spilt / spilled |
stand | stood | stood |
steal | stole | stolen |
stick | stuck | stuck |
swim | swam | swum |
take | took | taken |
teach | taught | taught |
tear | tore | torn |
tell | told | told |
think | thought | thought |
throw | threw | thrown |
understand | understood | understood |
wake | woke | woken |
win | won | won |
write | wrote | written |
Forms of Irregular Participles
Verb | Past | Past Participle |
---|---|---|
bear | bore | borne |
become | became | become |
begin | began | begun |
bite | bit | bitten |
break | broke | broken |
bring | brought | brought |
catch | caught | caught |
choose | chose | chosen |
come | came | come |
do | did | done |
drink | drank | drunk |
drive | drove | driven |
eat | ate | eaten |
fall | fell | fallen |
feel | felt | felt |
fly | flew | flown |
freeze | froze | frozen |
get | got | got or gotten |
go | went | gone |
know | knew | known |
lay | laid | laid |
lead | led | led |
lend | lent | lent |
lie | lay | lain |
lose | lost | lost |
ride | rode | ridden |
ring | rang | rung |
rise | rose | risen |
run | ran | run |
say | said | said |
see | saw | seen |
set | set | set |
shake | shook | shaken |
sing | sang | sung |
sink | sank or sunk | sunk |
sit | sat | sat |
sleep | slept | slept |
speak | spoke | spoken |
steal | stole | stolen |
swim | swam | swum |
take | took | taken |
throw | threw | thrown |
wear | wore | worn |
win | won | won |
write | wrote | written |
A regular verb is one that conforms to the usual rule for forming its simple past tense. It’s past participle. The “usual” rule is to add –ed or –d to the base form of the vocabulary to create the past forms.
Infinitive | Past | Participle |
Accept | Accepted | Accepted |
Act | Acted | Acted |
Achieve | Achieved | Achieved |
Admire | Admired | Admired |
Advise | Advised | Advised |
Affect | Affected | Affected |
Agree | Agreed | Agreed |
Amaze | Amazed | Amazed |
Amuse | Amused | Amused |
Answer | Answered | Answered |
Appear | Appeared | Appeared |
Arrange | Arranged | Arranged |
Arrive | Arrived | Arrived |
Ask | Asked | Asked |
Attack | Attacked | Attacked |
Bake | Baked | Baked |
Behave | Behaved | Behaved |
Believe | Believed | Believed |
Belong | Belonged | Belonged |
Blame | Blamed | Blamed |
Borrow | Borrowed | Borrowed |
Bother | Bothered | Bothered |
Call | Called | Called |
Cancel | Cancelled | Canceled |
Carry | Carried | Carried |
Cause | Caused | Caused |
Celebrate | Celebrated | Celebrated |
Clean | Cleaned | Cleaned |
Clear | Cleared | Cleared |
Climb | Climbed | Climbed |
Destroy | Destroyed | Destroyed |
Decrease | Decreased | Decreased |
Die | Died | Died |
Disagree | Disagreed | Disagreed |
Discover | Discovered | Discovered |
Discuss | Discussed | Discussed |
Disturb | Disturbed | Disturbed |
Dress | Dressed | Dressed |
Dry | Dried | Dried |
Eliminate | Eliminated | Eliminated |
End | Ended | Ended |
Enjoy | Enjoyed | Enjoyed |
Entertain | Entertained | Entertained |
Excuse | Excused | Excused |
Exercise | Exercised | Exercised |
Exhibit | Exhibited | Exhibited |
Expect | Expected | Expected |
Express | Expressed | Expressed |
Film | Filmed | Filmed |
Fill | Filled | Filled |
Fish | Fished | Fished |
Fix | Fixed | Fixed |
Follow | Followed | Followed |
Freeze | Freezed | Freezed |
Fry | Fried | Fried |
Greet | Greeted | Greeted |
Guess | Guessed | Guessed |
Hail | Hailed | Hailed |
Handle | Handled | Handled |
Happen | Happened | Happened |
Hate | Hated | Hated |
Help | Helped | Helped |
Hope | Hoped | Hoped |
Hunt | Hunted | Hunted |
Identify | Identified | Identified |
Ignore | Ignored | Ignored |
Imagine | Imagined | Imagined |
Impress | Impressed | Impressed |
Improve | Improved | Improved |
Include | Included | Included |
Increase | Increased | Increased |
Interview | Interviewed | Interviewed |
Introduce | Introduced | Introduced |
Invite | Invited | Invited |
Jog | Jogged | Jogged |
Join | Joined | Joined |
Jump | Jumped | Jumped |
Knock | Knocked | Knocked |
Label | Labelled | Labelled |
Land | Landed | Landed |
Last | Lasted | Lasted |
Learn | Learned | Learned |
Like | Liked | Liked |
Link | Linked | Linked |
List | Listed | Listed |
Listen | Listened | Listened |
Live | Lived | Lived |
Locate | Located | Located |
Look | Looked | Looked |
Love | Loved | Loved |
Manage | Managed | Managed |
Mark | Marked | Marked |
Match | Matched | Matched |
Measure | Measured | Measured |
Mention | Mentioned | Mentioned |
Miss | Missed | Missed |
Move | Moved | Moved |
Name | Named | Named |
Need | Needed | Needed |
Note | Noted | Noted |
Notice | Noticed | Noticed |
Number | Numbered | Numbered |
Offer | Offered | Offered |
Open | Opened | Opened |
Order | Ordered | Ordered |
Organize | Organized | Organized |
Pack | Packed | Packed |
Paint | Painted | Painted |
Pamper | Pampered | Pampered |
Pardon | Pardoned | Pardoned |
Park | Parked | Parked |
Participate | Participated | Participated |
Pass | Passed | Passed |
Perform | Performed | Performed |
Persuade | Persuaded | Persuaded |
Pick | Picked | Picked |
Plan | Planned | Planned |
Play | Played | Played |
Please | Pleased | Pleased |
Practice | Practiced | Practiced |
Predict | Predicted | Predicted |
Prefer | Preferred | Preferred |
Present | Presented | Presented |
Program | Programmed | Programmed |
Protect | Protected | Protected |
Provide | Provided | Provided |
Purchase | Purchased | Purchased |
Push | Pushed | Pushed |
Rain | Rain | Rain |
Receive | Received | Received |
Recommend | Recommended | Recommended |
Relate | Related | Related |
Relax | Relaxed | Relaxed |
Release | Released | Released |
Remember | Remembered | Remembered |
Repair | Repaired | Repaired |
Repeat | Repeated | Repeated |
Resist | Resisted | Resisted |
Rest | Rested | Rested |
Return | Returned | Returned |
Review | Reviewed | Reviewed |
Sail | Sailed | Sailed |
Save | Saved | Saved |
Scan | Scanned | Scanned |
Scare | Scared | Scared |
Share | Shared | Shared |
Shop | Shopped | Shopped |
Shout | Shouted | Shouted |
Skate | Skated | Skated |
Ski | Skied | Skied |
Slow | Slowed | Slowed |
Sneeze | Sneezed | Sneezed |
Snow | Snowed | Snowed |
Solve | Solved | Solved |
Spell | Spelt | Spelt |
Start | Started | Started |
Step | Stepped | Stepped |
Stop | Stopped | Stopped |
Stress | Stressed | Stressed |
Study | Studied | Studied |
Substitute | Substituted | Substituted |
Suggest | Suggested | Suggested |
Yes this good habit
thank you..
After reading your article, it reminded me of some things about gate io that I studied before. The content is similar to yours, but your thinking is very special, which gave me a different idea. Thank you. But I still have some questions I want to ask you, I will always pay attention. Thanks.